JPG
1992Joint Photographic Experts Group
The standard format for photos. It shrinks files by discarding detail the eye is unlikely to notice, which makes it compact but slightly lossy every time it is saved.
- Best for
- Photos for sharing, email and the web
- Opens in
- Every browser, phone, camera and editor
PNG
1996Portable Network Graphics
A lossless format that keeps every pixel exactly and supports full transparency. Ideal for screenshots, logos and graphics with sharp edges or text.
- Best for
- Screenshots, logos, UI graphics, images with transparency
- Opens in
- Every browser, phone and editor
WebP
2010WebP (Google)
A modern web format from Google that does both lossy and lossless compression, with transparency and animation. It is usually noticeably smaller than JPG or PNG at the same quality.
- Best for
- Websites and apps that need small, high-quality images
- Opens in
- All modern browsers; most current editors and phones
AVIF
2019AV1 Image File Format
A newer format based on the AV1 video codec. It gives some of the smallest files available at a given quality and supports transparency, HDR and wide colour.
- Best for
- The smallest possible web images
- Opens in
- Chrome, Edge, Firefox and Safari 16+; limited in older editors
HEIC
2015High Efficiency Image Container (HEIF)
The format iPhones and iPads save photos in by default since iOS 11. It stores high-quality photos in about half the space of JPG, but many apps, websites and Windows PCs can’t open it.
- Best for
- Storing photos on Apple devices
- Opens in
- Apple devices; Safari 17+; Windows only with an extra extension
GIF
1987Graphics Interchange Format
One of the oldest web formats, best known for short animations. It is limited to 256 colours and on/off transparency, so photos tend to look banded.
- Best for
- Simple animations and flat-colour graphics
- Opens in
- Every browser and editor
BMP
1985Windows Bitmap
A simple Windows format that usually stores pixels without compression. Files are large, but almost any program can read them.
- Best for
- Legacy Windows software and simple pipelines
- Opens in
- All browsers; Windows and most editors
TIFF
1986Tagged Image File Format
A flexible, high-fidelity format used in printing, scanning and archiving. It is usually lossless and widely supported by professional software, but browsers other than Safari can’t display it.
- Best for
- Print, scanning, archiving and professional editing
- Opens in
- Photoshop, GIMP, Preview, Office; Safari only among browsers
ICO
1985Windows Icon
An icon container that holds the same image at several sizes, such as 16, 32, 48 and 256 pixels. It is used for website favicons and Windows app and folder icons.
- Best for
- Favicons and Windows icons
- Opens in
- All browsers (as favicons) and Windows
SVG
2001Scalable Vector Graphics
A vector format that describes shapes with code instead of pixels, so it stays sharp at any size. Converting it to a raster format fixes it at a chosen resolution.
- Best for
- Logos, icons and illustrations that need to scale
- Opens in
- Every browser and design tool